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Egypt, a country occupying the NE. corner of Africa, lies along the W. shore of the Red Sea, has a northern coast-line on the Mediterranean, and stretches S. as far as Wady Halfa; the area is nearly 400,000 sq. m.; its chief natural features are uninhabitable desert on the E. and W., and the populous and fertile valley of the Nile. Cereals, sugar, cotton, and tobacco are important products. Mohammedan Arabs constitute the bulk of the people, but there is also a remnant of the ancient Coptic race. The country is nominally a dependency of Turkey under a native government, but is in reality controlled by the British, who exercise a veto on its financial policy, and who, since 1882, have occupied the country with soldiers. The noble monuments and relics of her ancient civilisation, chief amongst which are the Pyramids, as well as the philosophies and religions she inherited, together with the arts she practised, and her close connection with Jewish history, give her a peculiar claim on the interested regard of mankind. Nothing, perhaps, has excited more wonder in connection with Egypt than the advanced state of her civilisation when she first comes to play a part in the history of the world. There is evidence that 4000 years before the Christian era the arts of building, pottery, sculpture, literature, even music and painting, were highly developed, her social institutions well organised, and that considerable advance had been made in astronomy, chemistry, medicine, and anatomy. Already the Egyptians had divided the year into 365 days and 12 months, and had invented an elaborate system of weights and measures, based on the decimal notation.

Population (1907) 8,000,000

From Nuttall Encylopædia, 1907

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A Mameluke in Full Armour.
Catacombs in Alexandria
Slave Market
Court of an Egyptian House at the Time of the Khalifs
Widow Mourning
An Egyptian Priest and Scribe
Courtyard of an Egyptian House
Colonnade of Medamot at Thebes
The Pyramids.
A Court[yard] at Siout.
The Sacrifice to the Nile.
Bab En Nasr
Bab El-Footoh
Napoleon and the Sphinx
Great Hall of Pillars at Karnak.
Court with Remains of a Christian Church at Medinet Haboo.
Medinet Hoo Wallpaper
In the desert between Assouan and Philae.
A Street in Cairo
Temple of Dendera
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Places Shown

Abydos; Egypt

Alexandria; Egypt

Assiut; Egypt

Cairo; Egypt

Egypt

Karnak; El-Karnak; Luxor Governorate; Egypt

Philae; Aswan; Egypt

Thebes; Egypt